ABSTRACT
Visual reaction time is time required to response to visual stimuli. The present study was conducted to measure visual reaction time in 209 subjects, 50 table tennis (TT) players and 159 healthy controls. Methods: The visual reaction time was measured by the direct RT computerized software in healthy controls and table tennis players. Simple visual reaction time was measured. During the reaction time testing, visual stimuli were given for eighteen times and average reaction time was taken as the final reaction time. Results: The study shows that table tennis players had faster reaction time than healthy controls. On multivariate analysis, it was found that TT players had 74.121 sec (95% CI 98.8 and 49.4 sec) faster reaction time compared to non-TT players of same age and BMI. Also playing TT has a profound influence on visual reaction time than BMI. Conclusion: Our study concluded that persons involved in sports are having good reaction time as compared to controls. These results support the view that playing of table tennis is beneficial to eye-hand reaction time, improve the concentration and alertness
ABSTRACT
Background and objectives: The respiratory system changes with age and understanding these changes helps detect and prevent respiratory dysfunctions in the elderly. Pulmonary function, as measured by spirometry is an important predictor of morbidity and mortality of elderly persons. The aim of the present study was to see the effects of aging on pulmonary functions. Methods : The study included 150 subjects of different ages from 20 years and above. Subjects were divided in six groups depending on their age. (1) 20-29 yrs (2) 30-39 yrs (3) 40-49 yrs (4) 50-59 yrs (5) 60-69 yrs (6) 70 yrs and above. 25 subjects were included in each group. FVC , FEV1, FEV1 /FVC%, PEFR, FEF25%-75%, MVV were measured. Results: Comparing 20-29 yrs with 70 yrs and above show mean FVC (4.33 vs 1.68 litre, p<0.001) ,FEV1(3.91 vs 1.19 litre p<0.001), FEV1 /FVC%(90.30 vs 70.0 p<0.001), PEFR(9.81 vs 3.31 lit/sec p<0.001), FEF25%-75%(6.65 vs 1.89 lit/sec p<0.001), MVV(93.94 vs 55.96 lit/min p<0.001). Conclusion: Our study concluded that FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, FEF25- 75% and MVV decrease with age. It is probably a result of decreased strength of expiratory muscles, decreased chest wall compliance and increased tendency of airways to close during forced expiratory effort causing air trapping in the lungs.
ABSTRACT
Background: Hypertension is known to be risk factor for the development of proteinuria in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus type2, leads to progression of end stage renal disease Aims & Objective: To study the effect of hypertension on diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Material and Methods: We investigated, progression of diabetic nephropathy by measuring arterial blood pressure , serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate(GFR) level in 60 (35 men and 25 women) type 2 uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients on antihypertensive treatment. Results: The survey was done for 6 months during which 30 (group 1) -uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients with normal blood pressure were compared with 30 (group 2) -Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus patients with hypertension who had mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 148.86 ± 5.12 mmHg. In group 2 the mean level of serum creatinine (1.71 ± 0.46 mg/dl) was significantly higher and mean GFR (54.57 ± 35.26 ml/min) was significantly lower than group 1 (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Uncontrolled hypertension leads to progression of diabetic nephropathy with decline in GFR earlier than normotensive uncontrolled diabetic patients.